Iimitha zamanzi ze-ultrasonic zixhomekeke kubuchwepheshe be-ultrasonic bokwahluka kwexesha ukulinganisa umthamo wamanzi ngaphandle kokuhambisa iindawo zangaphakathi. Zixhotyiswe nge-interfaces ezahlukeneyo ze-signal output, zixhasa ukufundwa kwendawo, uthumelo olukude olunentambo kunye nokufakwa kwedatha ye-IoT engenantambo, nto leyo eyenza kube lula kakhulu ulawulo lobonelelo lwamanzi olukrelekrele, ukujonga amashishini kunye nokunkcenkceshela kwezolimo. Zonke iintlobo zemveliso eziphambili zinokwahlulwa zibe yi-pulse output, i-infrared optical interface, unxibelelwano lwebhasi olunentambo kunye nothumelo lwe-IoT engenantambo.
Isiphumo sePulse
I-pulse output yeyona ndlela ilula yokudlulisa isignali. Imitha iguqula umthamo ngamnye wamanzi omiselweyo ube yisignali ye-pulse, kwaye izixhobo zesibini okanye ii-PLC zibala ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngokupheleleyo ngokubala amanani e-pulse. Yamkela uyilo lwe-optocoupler olungasebenziyo olusebenzisa amandla aphantsi kakhulu, oluhambelana ngokupheleleyo neemitha ze-ultrasonic eziqhutywa yibhetri. Le ndlela yexabiso eliphantsi isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkqubo zokubeka esweni umzi-mveliso omncinci kunye neenkqubo ezilula zokulinganisa ukunkcenkceshela. Nangona kunjalo, idlulisela kuphela ukuhamba okuqokelelweyo ngaphandle kolwazi lwesantya sokuhamba ngexesha langempela, ubushushu okanye i-alamu yempazamo, okwenza ukuba ingafanelekanga kulawulo olupheleleyo olukrelekrele.
Isinxibelelanisi se-Infrared Optical
Izibuko le-infrared optical lisebenza njengomjelo wokufunda wengingqi okufutshane nendawo ohambelana nemigangatho ye-EN13757. Iingcali zisebenzisa abafundi be-infrared abaphathwa ngesandla ukuqokelela idatha kwindawo ngaphandle kokuvula indlu yemitha. Ngaphandle kokufunda ukuhamba okuqokelelweyo, ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza kunye ne-voltage yebhetri, i-interface ixhasa ukulinganiswa kwemitha, uqwalaselo lweeparameter kunye nokuxilongwa kwempazamo. Isetyenziselwa kakhulu ukuhlolwa rhoqo ngesandla kunye nokugcinwa kwezixhobo kwiindawo zokuhlala, akufuneki zintambo kwaye inonxibelelwano olulula lomntu ngamnye kumgama omfutshane.
Isiphumo seBhasi esineentambo
Izisombululo ezimbini eziphambili zebhasi ezineentambo yi-RS485 kunye ne-M-Bus, zombini zixhasa ukufundwa okubanzi komgama omde. I-RS485 isebenza nge-Modbus RTU protocol, inika imiqondiso ezinzileyo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1,200 yeemitha. Ingadlulisela idatha epheleleyo kuquka ukuhamba kweendlela ezimbini, ubushushu obuphakathi, ukusilela kwebhetri ephantsi kunye ne-sensor, iyahambelana neenkqubo ze-PLC kunye ne-SCADA zemizi-mveliso yemibhobho yamanzi. I-M-Bus (iMeter Bus) ngumgangatho waseYurophu ozinikele kwiimitha zombane, ofezekisa unikezelo lwamandla kunye nokudluliselwa kwedatha ngeentambo ezimbini eziphambili. Ifanelekile kwiimitha zamanzi zokuhlala ezicwangciswe ngokuxinana, ezamkelwe kakhulu kwiiprojekthi zokuhlala ezikrelekrele zaseYurophu nezasekhaya zokufunda iimitha ezikude ezihlangeneyo.
Isiphumo se-IoT esingenazingcingo
Iimodyuli ezingenazingcingo zisusa ukwakhiwa kweentambo, lolona khetho ludumileyo kwiinethiwekhi zamanzi ezikrelekrele zanamhlanje. I-NB-IoT isebenzisa izikhululo zesiseko seselula ezinokungena ngamandla kwesignali kwimithombo engaphantsi komhlaba kunye neziseko ezingaphantsi komhlaba. Imitha ilayisha idatha ngokuzenzekelayo kwiiplatifomu zamafu kwimijikelo emiselweyo enokulahleka kwamandla okuphantsi kakhulu, iqinisekisa ubomi bebhetri obungaphezulu kweminyaka emi-6. Ihambelana nemibhobho yokuhambisa amanzi ezidolophini esasazekileyo kunye nokujonga amanzi asemaphandleni akude. I-LoRa kunye ne-LoRaWAN zamkela imiqondiso yerediyo ende, egubungela iikhilomitha ezi-3-10 phantsi kwesango. Zifanelekile kwiipaki zoshishino ezixineneyo kunye neendawo ezinkulu zokunkcenkceshela, zenza uthungelwano lwengingqi olungenazingcingo ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kwiinethiwekhi zeselula zomsebenzisi. I-M-Bus engenazingcingo yenye isisombululo se-RF sokufunda imitha yokuhamba okanye yokuqhuba, esetyenziswa kakhulu kulawulo lwamanzi ezidolophini zaseYurophu.
Isikhokelo sokukhetha isicelo
Abasebenzisi bakhetha iziphumo ngokweemeko zokufakelwa. Izakhiwo zokuhlala ezikwindawo enye zikhetha ukufunda ngentambo kwe-M-Bus; iipayipi zangaphandle ezisasazekileyo zikhetha i-NB-IoT; iiworkshop zoshishino zamkela i-RS485 yokudibanisa okuzenzakalelayo; ukuhlolwa kwentsimi kusebenzisa i-infrared interfaces, kwaye izixhobo ezilula zokulinganisa zisebenzisa i-pulse output. Ngokuhambelana okuguquguqukayo kweendlela ezininzi zokukhupha, iimitha zamanzi ze-ultrasonic ziyahlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuno ukusuka ekufundeni kwe-patrol ngesandla ukuya kulawulo lwamanzi oluzenzekelayo lwe-IoT olupheleleyo.
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-13-2026