Qonda indlela yokubala isantya sokuhamba kwevolumu ngokusebenzisa i-weir

Ii-Weirs zidla ngokusetyenziswa njengendlela elula nesebenzayo xa kulinganiswa ukuhamba kwamanzi kwiitshaneli ezivulekileyo. I-weir ngumqobo kububanzi betshaneli evulekileyo apho amanzi ahamba khona. Ngokulinganisa ukuhamba kwamanzi kwi-weir, izinga lokuhamba kwe-volumetric, eliyivolumu yamanzi adlula kwindawo ethile enqamlezileyo ngexesha leyunithi, linokubalwa. Iifomyula zokubala ukuhamba kwe-volumetric kwiitshaneli zibalulekile ekuqondeni nasekulawuleni ukuhamba kwamanzi kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zobunjineli kunye nezicelo zokusingqongileyo.

Ifomula yokubala isantya sokuhamba kwevolumu nge-weir isekelwe kwimigaqo ye-equation kaBernoulli, enxulumene noxinzelelo, isantya kunye nokuphakama kolwelo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ecaleni kwendlela ehambelanayo. Kwi-weirs, isantya sokuhamba kwi-crest sinokunxulunyaniswa nokuphakama kwamanzi ngaphezu kwe-crest, okuvumela ukuba isantya sokuhamba kwevolumu sibalwe.

Isantya sokuhamba komthamo kwi-weir sibalwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Q = C * L * H^(3/2)

Apho:
Q = isantya sokuhamba komthamo (iityhubhu zeemitha ngomzuzwana)
C = i-coefficient yokukhupha i-weir
L = ubude be-weir crest
H = ukuphakama kwamanzi ngaphezu kwe-weir crest

I-weir discharge coefficient (C) yi-dimensional coefficient echaza imo, ubungakanani kunye neempawu zokuhamba kwamanzi kwi-weir. Ifunyanwa ngovavanyo kwaye iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-weir kunye neemeko zokuhamba kwamanzi. Ubude be-weir crest (L) kunye nokuphakama kwamanzi ngaphezu kwe-weir crest (H) zizilinganiso ezibonakalayo ezinokulinganiswa kwindawo leyo.

Ukuze usebenzise le fomula, amaxabiso e-C, L, kunye ne-H kufuneka amiselwe ngokulinganisa okanye ngokubala. Nje ukuba la maxabiso aziwe, izinga lokuhamba komthamo kwi-weir lingabalwa kusetyenziswa le fomula. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba le fomula ithatha ukuhamba kwamanzi okuzinzileyo, okufanayo kuwo wonke umphezulu we-weir kwaye ayikunaki ukulahleka kwamandla ngenxa yokuxinana okanye ukungqubana.

Ukuqonda indlela yokubala ukuhamba kwamanzi ngokusebenzisa ii-weirs kubalulekile kwiinjineli, iingcali ze-hydrologists, kunye neengcali zesayensi yokusingqongileyo ezibandakanyeka kulawulo lwemithombo yamanzi, ulawulo lwezikhukula, kunye nobunjineli be-hydraulic. Ngokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo nokubala ukuhamba kwamanzi ngokusebenzisa ii-weirs, izigqibo ezinolwazi zinokwenziwa malunga nokwabiwa kwamanzi, uqikelelo lwezikhukula kunye novavanyo lwempembelelo kwindalo.

Ngamafutshane, iifomyula zokubala ukuhamba komthamo kwii-weirs zibonelela ngesixhobo esisisiseko sokulinganisa ukuhamba kwamanzi kwiitshaneli ezivulekileyo. Ngokuqwalasela i-coefficient yokukhupha amanzi kwi-weir, ubude be-weir crest, kunye nokuphakama kwamanzi ngaphezu kwe-weir crest, izinga lokuhamba komthamo linokuqinisekiswa ngokuchanekileyo okuphezulu. Le ndlela idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zobunjineli kunye nokusingqongileyo, inegalelo kulawulo oluzinzileyo lwezixhobo zamanzi kunye nokukhuselwa kweenkqubo zendalo.