Iimitha zokuhamba kwe-electromagnetic(ii-EMF) ziye zaba sisiseko se-umlinganiselo wolwelokumashishini ahlukeneyo eYurophu, besebenzisa amandla abo okubonelela ngedatha echanekileyo nethembekileyo kwizicelo ezibandakanya ulwelo oluqhuba umbane. Ukusebenza kwabo, okusekelwe kumthetho kaFaraday wokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic, kuvumela ukulinganiswa okungaphazamisiyo, okungenaziphazamiso, okwenza ukuba bafaneleke kwiimeko ezingqongqo zomthetho zaseYurophu kunye neendlela zoshishino ezigxile ekuzinzeni.
Kwicandelo lamanzi namanzi amdaka, amazwe aseYurophu abeka phambili ulawulo olusebenzayo lwezixhobo, kwaye ii-EMF zidlala indima ebalulekileyo apha. Kwiintlanga ezifana neNetherlands, apho ulawulo lwamanzi lubaluleke kakhulu ngenxa yendawo yayo ephantsi, ii-EMF zijonga ukuhamba kwamanzi okusela kwiinethiwekhi zokusasaza, ziqinisekisa ilahleko encinci kunye nobonelelo olulinganayo. Zibaluleke ngokulinganayo kwizityalo zonyango lwamanzi amdaka kulo lonke elaseJamani naseScandinavia, apho zilinganisa ukuhamba kwamanzi amdaka kunye nodaka. Ngokungafaniyo neemitha zoomatshini, ii-EMF zisingatha umxholo ophezulu wezinto eziqinileyo kunye nokuguquguquka kolwelo olunjalo ngaphandle kokuvala, okuxhasa ukuthotyelwa koMyalelo woNyango lwaManzi amdaka asezidolophini we-EU. Umzekelo, kwizibonelelo zamanzi amdaka zaseBerlin,Ii-EMFukulandelela ukuhamba kwamanzi kwiitanki zomoya kunye neenkqubo zokucoca, ukuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba amanzi acociweyo ayahlangabezana nemigangatho engqongqo yokukhupha amanzi.
Ishishini leekhemikhali, eliyinjini enkulu kwezoqoqosho kumazwe afana neJamani, iFransi, neBelgium, lixhomekeke kakhulu kwi-EMF. Ezi mitha zibalaseleyo ekulinganiseni iikhemikhali ezibolayo, ezinobuthi, okanye ezicocekileyo kakhulu—ezifana nee-asidi, ii-alkali, kunye nezinye izinto ezidityanisiweyo zamayeza—ngaphandle kokutshintsha ukwakheka kwazo. Kwi-BASF's Ludwigshafen complex, enye yezona ndawo zinkulu zeekhemikhali eYurophu, ii-EMF zijonga ukuhamba kweekhemikhali ezisabelayo ngexesha lemveliso, ziqinisekisa ukuxuba okuchanekileyo kunye nokunciphisa inkunkuma. Uyilo lwazo lococeko, oluhlala lunee-linings ezigudileyo, ezingenamiqolo, luzenza zilungele ukucutshungulwa kweekhemikhali ezikumgangatho wokutya, zihambelana nemigaqo ye-EU efana ne-REACH.
Imveliso yokutya neziselo, icandelo elinemigangatho yococeko engqongqo kunye nomgangatho kulo lonke i-EU, ixhamla kakhulu kwi-EMFs. Kwimizi-mveliso yepasta kunye neoyile yomnquma yase-Itali, balinganisaukuhamba kwamanzi, iisosi, kunye neeoyile, apho neengozi ezincinci zongcoliseko zingamkelekanga. Ukulinganisa okungachukumisiyo kwee-EMF (okungenazo iindawo ezishukumayo) kususa umngcipheko wongcoliseko lwemveliso, kulandelwa uMgaqo woKhuseleko lokutya we-EU. Kwiindawo zokuvelisa ubisi eDenmark naseNetherlands, bajonga ukuhamba kobisi kunye ne-whey ngexesha lokucoca kunye nokupakisha, beqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso ohambelanayo kunye nokunciphisa inkunkuma egcwalisiweyo. Ukukwazi kwabo ukuphatha ulwelo oluphantsi noluphezulu lwe-viscosity kubenza bakwazi ukusebenzisa yonke into ukusuka kwiijusi zeziqhamo eSpain ukuya kwibhiya eCzech Republic.
Ukuzinikela kweYurophu kumandla avuselelekayo kukwandise ukusetyenziswa kwee-EMF, ngakumbi kumandla aphuma emanzini. E-Austria naseSwitzerland, apho umhlaba weentaba uxhasa izityalo ezininzi zombane ngamanzi, ii-EMF zilinganisa ukuhamba kwamanzi ngeeturbine, ziphucula imveliso yamandla ngelixa zikhusela iinkqubo zendalo zasemanzini. Zikwasetyenziswa kwiindawo ze-biogas kulo lonke elaseJamani naseFransi, zijonga ukuhamba kodaka kunye nenkunkuma yendalo kwiinkqubo zokugaya ukutya okungenayo i-anaerobic—ezibalulekileyo kwimveliso ye-methane esebenzayo. Oku kuhambelana neenjongo ze-EU zeGreen Deal, ukuqinisekisa imveliso yamandla ezinzileyo ngokulinganisa ukuhamba ngokuchanekileyo.
Kwimveliso yamayeza, icandelo apho ukuchaneka kubaluleke kakhulu, ii-EMF azinamsebenzi. Amazwe afana ne-Ireland, iSwitzerland, neSweden, apho kukho iindawo ezinkulu zamayeza, asebenzisa ii-EMF ukulinganisa ukuhamba kwamanzi acocekileyo, izinyibilikisi, kunye nezithako ezisebenzayo ngexesha lokuveliswa kwamayeza. Amandla azo okubonelela ngokuchanekileyo okuphezulu (ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphakathi kwe-±0.5%) kunye nokulinganisa okulandelekayo kuxhasa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho ye-EU's Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP). Umzekelo, kwiindawo zokuvelisa izitofu, ii-EMF ziqinisekisa ukutofelwa ngokuchanekileyo kwezixhobo, okuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye nokhuseleko.
Ngaphezu koko, ii-EMF zinegalelo ekubekweni kweliso lokusingqongileyo kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Zisetyenziswa emilanjeni nasemachwebeniukubeka esweniiinethiwekhi e-UK, eFransi nasePortugal, zilandelela ukuhamba kwamanzi amdaka kwimizi-mveliso kwaye ziqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwe-EU's Water Framework Directive. Kwimimandla eselunxwemeni efana neMeditera, ii-EMF zijonga ukukhutshwa kwamanzi okupholisa kwizityalo zamandla, zinceda ekunciphiseni ungcoliseko lobushushu kwaye zikhusele ubomi baselwandle.
Ngamafutshane, ii-electromagnetic flowmeters zidibene ngokungenamthungo kwiindawo zoshishino, okusingqongileyo, kunye nemithetho yaseYurophu. Ukuchaneka kwazo, ukuguquguquka kwazo, kunye nokukwazi kwazo ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho engqongqo kuzenza zibe yimfuneko ekulawuleni amanzi, ekucutshungulweni kweekhemikhali, kwimveliso yokutya, kumandla avuselelekayo, nakwimveliso yamayeza—zixhasa iinjongo zaseYurophu zokuzinza, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokuthobela imithetho.
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-17-2025