Iimitha zobushushu ze-ultrasonic ezifakwe kwi-clamp-onukufezekisa umlinganiselo ochanekileyo wobushushu obudluliselwe kwiipayipi ezithwala ulwelo ngokudibanisa umlinganiselo wokuhamba kwe-ultrasonic kunye nokubeka esweni umahluko wobushushu. Ukusebenza kwabo kusekelwe kwimigaqo ye-acoustic kunye ne-thermodynamic, equka iinkqubo ezintathu eziphambili: umlinganiselo wokuhamba, ukufunyanwa komahluko wobushushu, kunye nokubalwa kobushushu kunye nokuqokelelana. Nantsi inkcazelo eneenkcukacha zendlela yokusebenza kwabo:
I. Izinto eziphambili kunye neendima zazo
Isixhobo sokulinganisa ubushushu se-ultrasonic esibizwa ngokuba yi-clamp-on sinezinto ezintathu ezibalulekileyo ezisebenza ngokubambisana, nganye inemisebenzi eyahlukileyo:
- Izinzwa zokuhamba kwe-ultrasonic ezibambekayo: Zinoxanduva lokulinganisa isantya sokuhamba kolwelo ngoko nangoko kumbhobho. Zifakelwa ngaphandle eludongeni lwangaphandle lombhobho wokuhambisa (okanye wokubuyisela) ngaphandle kokuchukumisa ulwelo.
- Izinzwa zobushushu: Ngokwesiqhelo zimbini zezinzwa zokumelana neplatinum ezichanekileyo kakhulu (umz., i-PT1000 echanekileyo yi-±0.1℃), ezifakwe kwimibhobho yokuhambisa kunye neyokubuyisela ukujonga ubushushu bamanzi okuhambisa (T1) kunye nobushushu bamanzi okubuyisela (T2) ngexesha langempela.
- Umsingathi (umbala): Ufumana imiqondiso yokuhamba kunye nobushushu, ubala ubushushu usebenzisa ii-algorithms ezakhelwe ngaphakathi, kwaye uphatha ukuboniswa kwedatha, ukugcinwa, okanye ukudluliselwa kwayo.
II. Amanyathelo Okusebenza Aneenkcukacha
1. Ukulinganisa Ukuhamba: Ukubamba Isantya Sokuhamba Ngesantya Ngendlela Yokwahluka Ngexesha Nge-Ultrasonic
I-clamp-on ultrasonic flow sensor yeyona nto iphambili ekulinganisweni kokuhamba, esebenza ngomgaqo ofanayo ne-clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeters:
- Ukufakwa kweSensor: Iitransducers ezimbini ze-ultrasonic (i-transmitter kunye ne-receiver) zinamathele ngokulinganayo eludongeni lombhobho wangaphandle kusetyenziswa ii-clamps, zenza iindlela ezimbini zokusasaza nge-acoustic—enye ecaleni kwendlela yokuhamba kolwelo (ezantsi) kwaye enye ecaleni kwalo (ephezulu).
- Ukuhanjiswa kweSignali kunye noKwamkelwa: I-transmitter ikhupha imiqondiso ye-ultrasonic ngaxeshanye kwicala elisezantsi neliphezulu. Njengoko amaza esandi esasazeka kulwelo, ixesha lawo lokuhamba lichaphazeleka yisantya solwelo: imiqondiso esezantsi "ithwalwa" kukuhamba, nto leyo ebangela ixesha elifutshane lokuhamba; imiqondiso engasentla "iyachaswa," nto leyo ekhokelela kwixesha elide lokuhamba.
- Ukubala iVelocity kunye neFlow: Ihost ilinganisa umahluko wexesha (Δt) ize ibale isantya sokuhamba ngokukhawuleza (v) isebenzisa iiparameter ezifana nobubanzi bepayipi kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswayo. Le velocity emva koko iguqulwa ibe yisantya sokuhamba ngokukhawuleza (qv) kwaye, ekugqibeleni, ibe yisantya sokuhamba ngobuninzi (qm) isebenzisa ubuninzi bolwelo.
2. Ukulinganisa Umahluko Wobushushu: Ukubamba Umahluko Wamandla Phakathi Kobonelelo Namanzi Abuyayo
Izinzwa zobushushu zinamathele kwiindonga zangaphandle zemibhobho yokuhambisa kunye neyokubuyisela (okanye zifakwe ngaphandle kokuphazamisa intsimi yokuhamba kwamanzi) ukuze ziqokelele ubushushu bamanzi ngexesha langempela:
- Ubushushu bamanzi obubonelelwayo (T1): Bumela ubushushu bokuqala bolwelo olungena kwinkqubo yokutshintshiselana kobushushu (oluthwala amandla aphezulu).
- Ubushushu bamanzi obubuyelayo (T2): Bumela ubushushu bolwelo oluphuma kwinkqubo emva kokutshintshiselana kobushushu (ngokunciphisa amandla, ngaloo ndlela ubushushu buphantsi).
- Ukubala Umahluko woBushushu: Umsingathi ubala rhoqo umahluko (ΔT=T1−T2). Umahluko omkhulu wobushushu ubonisa ubushushu obuninzi obudluliselwayo ngexesha leyunithi nganye.
3. Ukubalwa kobushushu: Ukuqokelelana kobushushu obupheleleyo ngokusekelwe kwiifomula zeThermodynamic
Isebenzisa idatha yomahluko phakathi kokuhamba komoya kunye nobushushu, i-host ibala kwaye iqokelele ubushushu obupheleleyo ngexesha langempela isebenzisa ifomula yokulinganisa ubushushu obuphambili:Q=∫t1t2qm⋅cp⋅ΔTdt
Apho:
Apho:
- U-Q bubushushu obuqokelelweyo (iyunithi: kWh okanye i-GJ);
- qm lizinga lokuhamba kobunzima obukhawulezileyo (kg/h);
- cp bubungakanani bobushushu obuthile bolwelo oluxinezelekileyo (lwamanzi, ngesiqhelo);
- I-ΔT ngumahluko wobushushu phakathi kokunikezelwa kwamanzi kunye namanzi abuyayo (℃);
- Uphawu oluhlanganisiweyo lubonisa ukuqokelelana ngokuhamba kwexesha (t), oko kukuthi, ubushushu obupheleleyo obusetyenzisiweyo ukususela ekuqaleni kokulinganisa ukuya kumzuzu wangoku.
Ngamafutshane, ubushushu = isantya sokuhamba kobunzima × umthamo othile wobushushu × umahluko wobushushu × ixesha. Umphathi uhlala ejonga kwaye eqokelela eli xabiso ukuze afumane ubushushu obupheleleyo obusetyenziswa ngumsebenzisi.
III. Iziphumo zeDatha kunye noSetyenziso
I-host ibonisa idatha yexesha langempela efana nesantya sokuhamba ngokukhawuleza, ubushushu obukhawulezileyo, ubushushu obuqokelelweyo, kunye nomahluko wobushushu kwisikrini sayo. Ikwathumela idatha kwiinkqubo zolawulo nge-interfaces ezifana ne-RS485 okanye i-NB-IoT, ixhasa usetyenziso olufana nokuhlawuliswa kobushushu kunye nolawulo lwamandla.
Isishwankathelo
Ingqiqo ephambili yeemitha zobushushu ze-ultrasonic ezibanjiweyo ingashwankathelwa ngolu hlobo: "ukulinganisa ukuhamba nge-ultrasound, ukubona umahluko kubushushu ngee-sensors, kunye nokubala ubushushu ngee-algorithms". Uyilo lwazo olungaphazamisiyo lususa umonakalo wepayipi kunye nokuphazamiseka kolwelo, ngelixa indibaniselwano yetekhnoloji ye-ultrasonic kunye nokubeka iliso kubushushu iqinisekisa ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo kuluhlu olubanzi lokuhamba kunye neemeko zokusebenza ezinzima, okwenza zisetyenziswe kakhulu kwiimeko zokuhlawula ukufudumeza kunye nolawulo lwamandla.
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-22-2025