Kwimizi-mveliso apho ukulinganisa ulwelo ngokuchanekileyo kubalulekile kukhuseleko, umgangatho, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle—ingakumbi xa kusetyenzwa ngolwelo oluqhubayo—ukukhetha imitha yokuhamba efanelekileyo kunokwenza okanye kuphazamise impumelelo yokusebenza. Ulwelo oluqhubayo, ukusuka kwisiraphu kwimveliso yokutya ukuya kwizinyibilikisi kwimveliso yamayeza kunye neoyile eluhlaza kwizityalo zepetrochemical, zifuna isisombululo sokulinganisa esichanekileyo, esingaphazamisiyo, kwaye esihambelana neempawu zazo ezizodwa. Iimitha zokuhamba ze-electromagnetic (ezidla ngokubizwa ngokuba “zii-magmeters”) zibonakala njengezifanelekileyo: ubuchwepheshe bazo bulungiselelwe ulwelo oluqhubayo, kwaye uyilo lwazo lujongana neemfuno ezingqongqo zamacandelo okutya, amayeza, kunye nepetrochemical.
Eyona nto iphambili kwiimitha zokuhamba kwe-electromagnetic ezifanelekileyo kwii-conductive fluids nguMthetho kaFaraday we-Electromagnetic Induction. Ngokungafaniyo neemitha zokuhamba kwe-mechanical ezixhomekeke kwiindawo ezihambayo (ezinokuvala, zonakale, okanye zingcolise ii-conductive fluids), ii-magmeter zisebenzisa i-setup engangeneleliyo: umbhobho ogqunywe ngezinto zokukhusela, ezijikelezwe zii-electromagnetic coils. Xa ulwelo oluqhubayo luhamba ngepayipi, lunqumla intsimi yemagnethi eveliswa zii-coils, nto leyo eyenza i-voltage encinci yombane. Ubukhulu bale voltage buhambelana ngqo nesantya solwelo—okuvumela i-meter ukubala isantya sokuhamba ngokuchanekileyo okukhulu (ngesiqhelo yi-±0.5% yokufunda, kwaye nkqu ne-±0.1% kwiimodeli ezichanekileyo). Olu yilo lususa unxibelelwano phakathi kwezinto ezibonayo zemitha kunye nolwelo, inzuzo ephambili kwii-conductive fluids ezinokuba zi-corrosive, ziqine, okanye zishiye iintsalela.
Kwishishini lokutya, apho ucoceko kunye nobunyulu bemveliso kungaxoxiswana, iimitha zokuhamba ze-electromagnetic zitshintsha umdlalo. Iziselo eziqhubayo ezifana neejusi zeziqhamo, iimveliso zobisi, iisosi, kunye neesiraphu zifuna izixhobo ezihlangabezana nemigangatho engqongqo ye-FDA (Food and Drug Administration) okanye i-EU 10/2011 ukuze kuthintelwe ukungcola. Iingqiniba ezigudileyo, ezingenamiqolo zeMagmeters (ezihlala zenziwe ngezinto ezikumgangatho wokutya ezifana ne-PTFE okanye i-ETFE) zithintela ukwakheka kolwelo kwaye kulula ukuzicoca—zibalulekile ekuthinteleni ukukhula kweebhaktheriya phakathi kokuphuma kwemveliso. Kwisityalo esikhulu sesiselo, umzekelo, iimagmeters zisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ukuhamba kwesiraphu eqhubayo kwiitanki zokuxuba: ukuchaneka kwazo kuqinisekisa ubumnandi obuhlala buhleli kwiibhetshi, ngelixa uyilo lwazo olungaphazamisiyo lususa umngcipheko weenxalenye zesinyithi (ezivela kwiindawo ezigugileyo zoomatshini) ezingcolisa imveliso. Ukongeza, iimagmeters zisingatha i-viscosity ephezulu yeziselo ezifana netshokholethi okanye ubusi ngaphandle kokuvaleka, ingxaki eqhelekileyo kwiimitha zemveli ezixhomekeke kwii-impellers.
Icandelo lezemithi lineemfuno ezingqongqo ngakumbi, njengoko ulwelo oluqhubayo (njengamayeza olwelo, amanzi acocekileyo, kunye nezinyibilikisi zeekhemikhali) kufuneka luhlangabezane nemigangatho yokulawula umgangatho kunye nokulandeleka okungqongqo. Iimitha zokuhamba ze-electromagnetic zibalasele apha ngokubonelela ngemilinganiselo echanekileyo, ephindaphindwayo—ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iifomyula zamayeza zinedosi echanekileyo yezithako ezisebenzayo. Uyilo lwazo olungaphazamisiyo lukwaxhasa ukucutshungulwa okucocekileyo: kuba akukho nxalenye ishukumayo ngaphakathi kombhobho, akukho mngcipheko wokuveliswa kwamasuntswana okanye ukungcola phakathi kweebhetshi. Umenzi wamayeza ovelisa amayeza afakwayo, umzekelo, usebenzisa ii-magmeters ukujonga ukuhamba kwesisombululo se-conductive saline kwiibhotile. Ukudluliselwa kwedatha ngexesha langempela leemitha kuvumela isityalo ukuba silandele yonke inyathelo lenkqubo, siqinisekise ukuthotyelwa kwemibutho elawulayo efana ne-FDA kunye ne-EMA (i-European Medicines Agency). Ngaphezu koko, ii-magmeters ziyamelana neearhente zokucoca ezinzima (ezifana ne-hydrogen peroxide) ezisetyenziswa kwiindawo zezemithi, ziqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwexesha elide.
Kwishishini le-petrochemical, apho ulwelo oluqhubayo luqala kwi-oyile ekrwada kunye nepetroli ukuya kwi-solvents yemizi-mveliso kunye namanzi amdaka, ii-electromagnetic flow meter zijongana neminye yemisebenzi enzima yokulinganisa. Ukugqwala yinto exhalabisayo apha—ulwelo oluninzi lwe-petrochemical lugqwala kakhulu, kwaye ii-mechanical meter ezineenxalenye zesinyithi zinokonakala ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo ekhokelela ekufundweni okungachanekanga kunye nokuvuza okubiza kakhulu. Ii-linings ze-Magmeters ezimelana nokugqwala (ezifana nerabha okanye i-ceramic) kunye nezinto ezimanzi ezingezizo zesinyithi zimelana nolu lwelo lunzima, zandisa ubomi bazo ukuya kwiminyaka eli-10-15 (xa kuthelekiswa neminyaka emi-3-5 kwii-mechanical meter). Ukongeza, izityalo ze-petrochemical zihlala zisebenza phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye neemeko zobushushu, kwaye ii-magmeters ziyafumaneka kwiindlela eziqinileyo eziphatha uxinzelelo olufikelela kwi-1,000 bar kunye namaqondo obushushu ukusuka kwi--40°C ukuya kwi-200°C. Umzekelo, indawo yokuhluza isebenzisa ii-magmeters ukulinganisa ukuhamba kwe-oyile ekrwada eqhubayo ngemibhobho: ukuchaneka kwazo kunceda ukuphucula iinkqubo zokucokisa, ukunciphisa inkunkuma, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuthuthwa okukhuselekileyo—kubalulekile ekuthinteleni ukuchitheka kwendalo kunye nokuhlangabezana nemigaqo yokhuseleko.
Nangona iimitha zokuhamba ze-electromagnetic zinexabiso eliphezulu kwangaphambili kunezinye iindlela zoomatshini, iingenelo zazo zexesha elide kumacandelo okutya, amayeza, kunye neekhemikhali zingaphezulu kakhulu kolu tyalo-mali. Iindleko zolondolozo ezinciphileyo (akukho zinxalenye zishukumayo zokutshintsha), ukukhunjulwa okuncinci kwemveliso (ngenxa yokuthintela ungcoliseko), kunye nokusebenza kakuhle okuphuculweyo (ngedatha echanekileyo) kukhokelela kwimbuyekezo eqhelekileyo kutyalo-mali kwisithuba seminyaka emi-2-3. Kumashishini apho iimpazamo ezincinci zokulinganisa zinokuba nemiphumo emibi kakhulu—ukusuka ekutyeni okonakeleyo ukuya kumayeza angasebenziyo okanye iintlekele zokusingqongileyo—ii-magmeter azisisixhobo nje kuphela, kodwa ziyindlela yokukhusela.
Njengoko amacandelo okutya, amayeza, kunye neekhemikhali zepetroli eqhubeka nokukhula, ngemithetho engqongqo kunye neemfuno ezikhulayo zokuzinza, iimitha zokuhamba kwe-electromagnetic zihlala ziyindlela efanelekileyo yokulinganisa ulwelo oluqhubayo. Amandla azo okudibanisa ukuchaneka, ucoceko, kunye nokuqina azenza zibe yinto ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni umgangatho wemveliso, ukhuseleko lokusebenza, kunye nokuthobela okusingqongileyo. Kuyo nayiphi na indawo esebenza ngolwelo oluqhubayo, ii-magmeter zingaphezulu nje kwesisombululo sokulinganisa—zingumqhubi ophambili wempumelelo kwindawo enokhuphiswano, elawulwayo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Okthobha-20-2025