Ii-flowmeters zetshaneli evulekileyoidlala indima ebalulekileyo kulwelo lwanamhlanjeiinkqubo zolawulo, ifumana ukusetyenziswa okubanzi kwimibhobho nakwiitshaneli. Ezi mitha zenzelwe ukulinganisa izinga lokuhamba kolwelo kwiindlela ezivulekileyo apho umphezulu wolwelo uvezwa emoyeni, nto leyo enika iingenelo ezikhethekileyo ezenza ukuba zibe yimfuneko kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zoshishino, okusingqongileyo, kunye nomasipala.
Imigaqo yokusebenza kunye neentlobo
Ii-flowmeters ze-open-channel zisebenza ngokusekelwe kwimigaqo eyahlukeneyo yomzimba. Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo yi-flowmeter esekelwe kwi-weir. Ii-Weirs zizakhiwo ezibekwe ngaphesheya kwe-channel, kwaye njengoko amanzi ehamba phezu kwazo, ukuphakama kwamanzi angasentla kwe-weir kulinganiswa. Ngokusebenzisa iifomyula ze-hydraulic ezimiselweyo, izinga lokuhamba lingabalwa. Umzekelo, i-weir engunxande inobudlelwane obuthile phakathi kwentloko yamanzi (ukuphakama kwamanzi ngaphezu kwe-weir crest) kunye nezinga lokuhamba, okuvumela ukulinganiswa kokuhamba ngokuchanekileyo.
Olunye uhlobo yi-flume-based flowmeter. Ii-flume zii-channel constrictions ezicwangciswe ngononophelo ezenza ipateni ethile yokuhamba. Ii-Venturi flumes, umzekelo, zinciphisa i-channel ngendlela ethile, nto leyo ebangela ukuba isantya samanzi sinyuke kwaye inqanaba lamanzi litshintshe ngendlela eqikelelweyo. Ii-sensors ezibekwe kwiindawo ezithile kwi-flume zilinganisa iiparameter ezifana nobunzulu bamanzi kunye nesantya, ezithi emva koko zisetyenziswe ukumisela isantya sokuhamba.
IiDoppler ultrasonic open-channel flowmeters nazo zisetyenziswa kakhulu. Zisebenza ngokukhupha amaza e-ultrasonic kulwelo oluhambayo. Njengoko amasuntswana kulwelo ehamba, abonakalisa amaza e-ultrasonic, kwaye utshintsho kwisantya samaza abonakalisiweyo (i-Doppler shift) luyalinganiswa. Olu tshintsho lunxulumene nesantya solwelo, kwaye xa ludibene nendawo enqamlezileyo yetshaneli, izinga lokuhamba lingabalwa.
Izicelo kwiipayipi
Kwiinkqubo zemibhobho,ii-flowmeters ze-open-channelZisetyenziswa rhoqo kwiimeko apho umbhobho uphuma uye kumjelo ovulekileyo okanye apho kukho imfuneko yokulinganisa izinga lokuhamba kwamanzi ngaphambi kokuba ulwelo lungene kwinkqubo yokucocwa. Umzekelo, kwizityalo zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka, imibhobho ithwala amanzi amdaka angavuthwanga avela kwiinkqubo zokuqokelelwa kwamanzi. Iimitha zokuhamba kwamanzi amdaka ezivulekileyo ezifakwe emnyango wezakhiwo zokucocwa kwamanzi zinceda abaqhubi ukuba bamisele ngokuchanekileyo ubungakanani bomanzi amdaka angena kwisityalo. Olu lwazi lubalulekile ekulungiseni idosi yeekhemikhali zokucocwa kwamanzi, ukucwangcisa ukususwa kodaka, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yokucocwa kwamanzi.
Kwimibhobho yemizi-mveliso, xa ulwelo lufuneka ludluliselwe kwinkqubo yemibhobho evaliweyo luye kwindawo yokugcina okanye yokucubungula evulekileyo, ii-flowmeters ze-open-channel zinokubonelela ngedatha yesantya sokuhamba kwamanzi ngexesha langempela. Oku kuluncedo ngakumbi kumashishini afana nokutya neziselo, apho ulawulo oluchanekileyo lokuhamba kwamanzi luyimfuneko ukugcina umgangatho wemveliso kunye nokuhambelana. Umzekelo, ngexesha lenkqubo yokuzalisa iimveliso zolwelo kwiivati ezivulekileyo okanye kwiitanki, i-flowmeter ye-open-channel inokujonga kwaye ilawule isantya sokuhamba kwamanzi ukuthintela ukuzaliswa kakhulu okanye ukuzaliswa ngaphantsi.
Usetyenziso kwiitshaneli
Kwimijelo yendalo neyenziwe ngumntu, ii-flowmeters zemijelo evulekileyo zibalulekileulawulo lwemithombo yamanzi, ulawulo lwezikhukula, kunye nokubeka esweni okusingqongileyo. Kwiinkqubo zemilambo, ii-flowmeters zifakelwa kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo ukulinganisa izinga lokuhamba komlambo. Olu lwazi lubalulekile ekuqikeleleni izikhukula. Ngokuhlala ubeka esweni ukuhamba komlambo, abasemagunyeni banokukhupha izilumkiso ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwizikhukula, bacebe iindlela zokufuduka, kwaye bathathe amanyathelo okuthintela ukukhusela ubomi kunye nepropathi.
Kwimijelo yokunkcenkceshela, ii-flowmeters ezivulelekileyo zinceda abalimi ukulawula ukusasazwa kwamanzi ngokufanelekileyo. Ngokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo izinga lokuhamba kwamanzi kwimijelo, abalimi banokuqinisekisa ukuba intsimi nganye ifumana amanzi afanelekileyo, iphucula ukukhula kwezityalo ngelixa igcina izixhobo zamanzi. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwimimandla apho amanzi anqongophele khona.
Ngaphezu koko, ekujongeni okusingqongileyo, ii-flowmeters ezivulelekileyo zisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ukuhamba kwamanzi emvula. Ukuqonda ubungakanani kunye nesantya sokuhamba kwamanzi emvula kunceda ekuvavanyeni impembelelo kumgangatho wamanzi, kunye nokuyila iinkqubo ezisebenzayo zolawulo lwamanzi emvula ukunciphisa ungcoliseko kunye nokuthintela izikhukula zasezidolophini.
Iingenelo kunye nemingeni
Ukusetyenziswa kweii-flowmeters ze-open-channelkwiipayipi nakwiitshaneli zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi. Zinokusingatha uluhlu olubanzi lwamazinga okuhamba kwamanzi, ukusuka kumanzi aphantsi kakhulu ukuya kwaphezulu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zifaneleke kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa. Iimitha zokuhamba kwamanzi ezininzi ezivulekileyo zifuna ulondolozo oluncinci xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iimitha zokuhamba kwamanzi ezikwipayipi, ingakumbi ezo zinezinto ezihambayo. Kulula kakhulu ukuzifaka, ingakumbi kwiitshaneli ezikhoyo okanye kwiindawo zokuphuma kwepayipi.
Nangona kunjalo, kukwakho nemingeni. Ukuchaneka kunokuchaphazeleka zizinto ezifana notshintsho kwiimpawu zolwelo (umz., ukuxinana kwedaka emanzini), ukufakwa okungafanelekanga, kunye notshintsho kwijiyometri yetshaneli. Kwezinye iimeko, izinto zangaphandle ezifana nokuqokelelwa kwenkunkuma kwitshaneli zinokuphazamisana nomlinganiselo. Ukongeza, ukulinganiswa kwee-flowmeters zetshaneli evulekileyo kunokuba nzima ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zee-flowmeters, njengoko kudla ngokubandakanya ukuqwalasela iimeko ze-hydraulic kunye noyilo oluthile lwe-weir, i-flume, okanye iseti ye-ultrasonic sensor.
Ukuqukumbela, ii-flowmeters ze-open-channel ziye zaba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokulinganisa ulwelo kwiipayipi nakwiitshaneli. Ukusetyenziswa kwazo okuhlukeneyo, ukusuka kwiinkqubo zoshishino ukuya kukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, kubonisa ukubaluleka kwazo kwimihla yanamhlanje.ulawulo lolweloNangona kukho imingeni, ukuqhubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe okuqhubekayo kuyayiphucula indlela echanekileyo, ukuthembeka, kunye nokulula kokusetyenziswa kwayo, okuqinisekisa ukuba ii-flowmeters ezivulelekileyo ziya kuqhubeka nokudlala indima ebalulekileyo kumacandelo ahlukeneyo kwiminyaka ezayo.
Ixesha leposi: Juni-05-2025